Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Volume 64, Issue 8 , Pages 1255-1260 , August 2006

Long-Term Results of Free Radial Forearm Flap Used for Oral Reconstruction: Functional and Histological Evaluation

  • Takahiko Shibahara, DDS, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Professor and Chairman, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan.
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence and reprint requests to Dr Shibahara: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, 1-2-2 Masago, Mihamaku, Chiba 261-8502, Japan
    • ,
  • Ashiraf Fathy Mohammed, DDS

      Affiliations

    • Research Fellow, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan.
    • ,
  • Akira Katakura, DDS, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan.
    • ,
  • Takeshi Nomura, DDS

      Affiliations

    • Senior Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan.

References 

  1. Muldowney JB , Cohen JI , Porto DP , et al.   Oral cavity reconstruction using the free radial forearm flap . Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg . 1987;113:1219
  2. Evans GR , Schusterman MA , Kroll SS , et al.   The radial forearm free flap for head and neck reconstruction (A review) . Am J Surg . 1994;168:446
  3. Gottlieb LJ , Levine LA . A new design for the radial forearm free-flap phallic construction . Plast Reconstr Surg . 1993;92:276
  4. Hentz VR , Pearl RM , Grossman JA , et al.   The radial forearm flap (A versatile source of composite tissue) . Ann Plast Surg . 1987;19:485
  5. Lind MG , Arnander C , Gylbert L , et al.   Reconstruction in the head and neck regions with free radial forearm flaps and split-rib bone grafts . Am J Surg . 1987;154:459
  6. Schusterman MA , Kroll SS , Weber RS , et al.   Intraoral soft tissue reconstruction after cancer ablation (A comparison of the pectoralis major flap and the free radial forearm flap) . Am J Surg . 1991;162:397
  7. Muhlbauer W , Herndl E , Stock W . The forearm flap . Plast Reconstr Surg . 1982;70:336
  8. Lampe HB , Evans HB . Radial forearm flap for reconstruction of oral cavity defects . Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg . 1987;97:83
  9. Soucacos PN , Beris AE , Xenakis TA , et al.   Forearm flap in orthopaedic and hand surgery . Microsurgery . 1992;13:170
  10. Vaughan ED . The radial forearm free flap in orofacial reconstruction. Personal experience in 120 consecutive cases . J Craniomaxillofac Surg . 1990;18:2
  11. Michiwaki Y , Ohno K , Imai S , et al.   Functional effects of intraoral reconstruction with a free radial forearm flap . J Craniomaxillofac Surg . 1990;18:164
  12. Freedman AM , Hidalgo DA . Full-thickness cheek and lip reconstruction with the radial forearm free flap . Ann Plast Surg . 1990;25:287
  13. Govila A , Sharma D . The radial forearm flap for reconstruction of the upper extremity . Plast Reconstr Surg . 1990;86:920
  14. Shibahara T , Noma H , Ishikawa M , et al.   Forearm flap in oral cavity reconstruction (A functional evaluation) . J Jpn Scoi Oral Tumors . 2000;12:1
  15. Anain SA , Yetman RJ . The fate of intraoral free muscle flaps (Is skin necessary?) . Plast Reconstr Surg . 1993;91:1027
  16. Dellon AL, Tarpley TM, Chretien PB: Histologic evaluation of intraoral skin grafts and pedicle flaps in humans. J Oral Surg 34:789, 1076
  17. Schliephake H , Schmelzeisen R , Neukam FW . Long-term results of blood flow and cutaneous sensibility of flaps used for the reconstruction of facial soft tissues . J Oral Maxillofac Surg . 1994;52:1247
  18. Shibahara T , Noma H , Takasaki Y , et al.   Repair of the inferior alveolar nerve with a forearm cutaneous nerve graft after ablative surgery of the mandible . J Oral Maxillofac Surg . 2000;58:714
  19. List MA , Ritter-Sterr C , Lansky SB . A performance status scale for head and neck cancer patients . Cancer . 2000;66:564
  20. Song R , Gao Y , Song Y , et al.   The forearm flap . Clin Plast Surg . 1982;9:21
  21. Shibahara T , Noma H , Takeda E . Long-term results of flap reconstruction—Aesthetic and functional outcome . Shikwa Gakuho . 2001;100:562
  22. Noma H , Takasaki Y . Repair of the mandibular nerve via an autologous nerve graft after mandibulaectomy . Oral Oncol . 1995;4:119
  23. Shibahara T , Noma H , Takeda E , et al.   Morphologic changes in forearm flaps of the oral cavity . J Oral Maxillofac Surg . 2000;58:495
  24. Wei WI , Lam KH , Lau WF . Fate of skin element of pectoralis major flap in intraoral reconstruction . Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg . 1989;15:360
  25. Phillips JG , Postlethwaite K , Peckitt N . The pectoralis major muscle flap without skin in intra-oral reconstruction . Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg . 1988;26:479
  26. Lamberty BG , Cormack GC . The forearm angiotomes . Br J Plast Surg . 1982;35:420

PII: S0278-2391(06)00560-X

doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2006.04.022

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Volume 64, Issue 8 , Pages 1255-1260 , August 2006

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