Primary Stability of Simultaneously Placed Dental Implants in Extraoral Donor Graft Sites: A Human Cadaver Study
Purpose
To compare the primary stability of dental implants placed in fibula, iliac crest, and scapula of human cadavers.
Materials and Methods
Straumann Dental Implants (Institut Straumann, Basel, Switzerland) 4.1 mm × 10 mm in diameter were placed into bilateral fibula, iliac crest, and scapula of 4 fresh human cadavers. For the assessment of primary stability of implants, installation torque values (ITV) and removal torque values (RTV) were measured using a custom-made strain-gauged torque wrench, and resonance frequency analysis was carried out to quantify the implant stability quotients (ISQ). Bone specimens from each donor site were harvested to perform radiographic and histomorphometric analyses. Linear distance and optical density (OD) measurements were made on digitized parallel periapical radiographs and bone area fraction (BAF) was calculated on digitized images of decalcified histologic sections.
Results
Fibula donor site presented higher ITVs and RTVs and cortical bone height for implants than other sites (P < .05). BAF measurements for iliac crest were higher than fibula and scapula bone donor sites. OD was higher in the iliac crest followed by scapula and fibula.
Conclusion
The primary mechanical stability of implants placed in the fibula is higher than those placed in the iliac crest and the scapula, although the bone mass and density around implants in latter sites are higher.
⁎Research Assistant, Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
†Associate Professor, CosmORAL Oral and Dental Health Policlinics, Ankara, Turkey.
‡Professor, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey.
§Research Assistant, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey.
∥Research Assistant, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
¶Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
#Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr Cehreli: Gazi Mustafa Kemal Bulvari 61/11, 06570 Maltepe, Ankara, Turkey
ABSTRACT