Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Volume 67, Issue 8 , Pages 1628-1639 , August 2009

Accuracy of Computer Programs in Predicting Orthognathic Surgery Hard Tissue Response

  • Neelambar Kaipatur, DMD, MSc

      Affiliations

    • PhD Candidate, Graduate Orthodontic Program, Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
  • ,
  • Yousef Al-Thomali, BDS, Cert Ortho

      Affiliations

    • Senior Registrar Orthodontist, Prince Mansour Military Hospital, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
  • ,
  • Carlos Flores-Mir, DDS, DSc, FRCD(C)

      Affiliations

    • Associate Professor, Graduate Orthodontic Program, Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence and reprint requests to Dr Flores-Mir: Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, 4051A Dentistry/Pharmacy Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2N8

References 

  1. Savara BS. The role of computers in dentofacial research and development of diagnostic aids. Am J Orthod. 1972;61:231
  2. Ricketts RM. The value of cephalometrics and computerized technology. Angle Orthod. 1972;42:179
  3. Bhatia SN, Sowray JH. A computer-aided design for orthognathic surgery. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1984;22:237
  4. Harradine NW, Birnie DJ. Computerized prediction of the results of orthognathic surgery. J Maxillofac Surg. 1985;13:245
  5. Talwar RM, Chemaly D. Information and computer technology in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2008;20:79
  6. Gossett CB, Preston CB, Dunford R, et al. Prediction accuracy of computer-assisted surgical visual treatment objectives as compared with conventional visual treatment objectives. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005;63:609
  7. Kusnoto B. Two-dimensional cephalometry and computerized orthognathic surgical treatment planning. Clin Plast Surg. 2007;34:417
  8. Kaipatur N, Flores-Mir C. Accuracy of computer programs in predicting orthognathic surgery soft tissue response. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;67:751
  9. Carter AC, Larson BE, Guenthner TA. Accuracy of video imaging in mandibular surgery. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1996;11:289
  10. Chew MT, Koh CH, Sandham A, et al. Subjective evaluation of the accuracy of video imaging prediction following orthognathic surgery in Chinese patients. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;66:291
  11. Chunmaneechote P, Friede H. Mandibular setback osteotomy: Facial soft tissue behavior and possibility to improve the accuracy of the soft tissue profile prediction with the use of a computerized cephalometric program: Quick Ceph Image Pro: v. 2.5. Clin Orthod Res. 1999;2:85
  12. Csaszar GR, Bruker-Csaszar B, Niederdellmann H. Prediction of soft tissue profiles in orthodontic surgery with the dentofacial planner. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1999;14:285
  13. Curtis TJ, Casko JS, Jakobsen JR, et al. Accuracy of a computerized method of predicting soft-tissue changes from orthognathic surgery. J Clin Orthod. 2000;34:524
  14. Eales EA, Newton C, Jones ML, et al. The accuracy of computerized prediction of the soft tissue profile: A study of 25 patients treated by means of the Le Fort I osteotomy. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1994;9:141
  15. Gaggl A, Schultes G, Karcher H. Changes in soft tissue profile after sagittal split ramus osteotomy and retropositioning of the mandible. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1999;57:542
  16. Holberg C, Heine AK, Geis P, et al. Three-dimensional soft tissue prediction using finite elements (Part II: Clinical application). J Orofac Orthop. 2005;66:122
  17. Jones RM, Khambay BS, McHugh S, et al. The validity of a computer-assisted simulation system for orthognathic surgery (CASSOS) for planning the surgical correction of Class III skeletal deformities: Single-jaw versus bimaxillary surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007;36:900
  18. Kazandjian S, Sameshima GT, Champlin T, et al. Accuracy of video imaging for predicting the soft tissue profile after mandibular set-back surgery. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1999;115:382
  19. Koh CH, Chew MT. Predictability of soft tissue profile changes following bimaxillary surgery in skeletal Class III Chinese patients. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2004;62:1505
  20. Konstiantos KA, O'Reilly M, Close J. The validity of the prediction of soft tissue profile changes after Le Fort I osteotomy using dentofacial planner (computer software). Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1994;105:241
  21. Lew KK. The reliability of computerized cephalometric soft tissue prediction following bimaxillary anterior subapical osteotomy. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1992;7:97
  22. Lu CH, Ko EW, Huang CS. The accuracy of video imaging prediction in soft tissue outcome after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2003;61:333
  23. Mankad B, Cisneros GJ, Freeman K, et al. Prediction accuracy of soft tissue profile in orthognathic surgery. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1999;14:19
  24. Motta AT, Brunharo IH, Miguel JA, et al. Prediction of soft-tissue profile by video imaging in orthognathic surgery: Cephalometric accuracy and orthodontists' judgement. R Dental Press Ortodon Ortop Facial. 2007;12:71
  25. Pektas ZO, Kircelli BH, Cilasun U, et al. The accuracy of computer-assisted surgical planning in soft tissue prediction following orthognathic surgery. Int J Med Robot. 2007;3:64
  26. Phillips C, Bailey L, Kiyak HA, et al. Effects of a computerized treatment simulation on patient expectations for orthognathic surgery. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 2001;16:87
  27. Sameshima GT, Kawakami RK, Kaminishi RM, et al. Predicting soft tissue changes in maxillary impaction surgery: A comparison of two video imaging systems. Angle Orthod. 1997;67:347
  28. Schultes G, Gaggl A, Karcher H. Accuracy of cephalometric and video imaging program Dentofacial Planner Plus in orthognathic surgical planning. Comput Aided Surg. 1998;3:108
  29. Sinclair PM, Kilpelainen P, Phillips C, et al. The accuracy of video imaging in orthognathic surgery. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1995;107:177
  30. Soncul M, Bamber MA. Evaluation of facial soft tissue changes with optical surface scan after surgical correction of Class III deformities. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2004;62:1331
  31. Syliangco ST, Sameshima GT, Kaminishi RM, et al. Predicting soft tissue changes in mandibular advancement surgery: A comparison of two video imaging systems. Angle Orthod. 1997;67:337
  32. Upton PM, Sadowsky PL, Sarver DM, et al. Evaluation of video imaging prediction in combined maxillary and mandibular orthognathic surgery. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1997;112:656
  33. Xia J, Ip HH, Samman N, et al. Three-dimensional virtual-reality surgical planning and soft-tissue prediction for orthognathic surgery. IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed. 2001;5:97
  34. Bailey LJ, Cevidanes LH, Proffit WR. Stability and predictability of orthognathic surgery. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;126:273
  35. Caloss R, Atkins K, Stella JP. Three-dimensional imaging for virtual assessment and treatment simulation in orthognathic surgery. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2007;19:287
  36. Chabanas M, Luboz V, Payan Y. Patient specific finite element model of the face soft tissues for computer-assisted maxillofacial surgery. Med Image Anal. 2003;7:131
  37. Hohoff A, Meier N, Stamm T, et al. Optimizing presurgical orthodontic planning by means of the transverse coordinate simulation system (TCSS). J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2002;30:75
  38. Sarver DM. Video imaging—A computer facilitated approach to communication and planning in orthognathic surgery. Br J Orthod. 1993;20:187
  39. Jacobson R, Sarver DM. The predictability of maxillary repositioning in LeFort I orthognathic surgery. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;122:142
  40. Sarver DM, Johnston MW, Matukas VJ. Video imaging for planning and counseling in orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1988;46:939
  41. Smith JD, Thomas PM, Proffit WR. A comparison of current prediction imaging programs. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;125:527
  42. Stamm T, Meyer U, Meie N, et al. Public domain computer-aided surgery (CAS) in orthodontic and maxillofacial surgery. J Orofac Orthop. 2002;63:62
  43. Uechi J, Okayama M, Shibata T, et al. A novel method for the 3-dimensional simulation of orthognathic surgery by using a multimodal image-fusion technique. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130:786
  44. Ueda K. Three-dimensional analysis for prediction and assessment of mandibular movement in orthognathic surgery in the ramus. J Maxillofac Surg. 1983;11:216
  45. Xia J, Wang D, Huang Y. A study of computer aided simulation system for orthognathic surgery. Zhonghua Zheng Xing Shao Shang Wai Ke Za Zhi. 1994;10:278;(in Chinese)
  46. Aharon PA, Elsig S, Cisneros GJ. Surgical prediction reliability: A comparison of two computer software systems. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1997;12:65
  47. Alves PV, Bolognese AM, Zhao L. Three-dimensional computerized orthognathic surgical treatment planning. Clin Plast Surg. 2007;34:427
  48. Aoki Y, Hashimoto S, Terajima M, et al. Simulation of postoperative 3D facial morphology using a physics-based head model. Vis Comput. 2001;17:121
  49. Aoki Y, Terajima M, Hoshino Y, et al. Computer aided system for orthognathic diagnosis utilizing 3D geometric head model. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern. 2001;2:783
  50. Ayoub AF, Wray D, Moos KF, et al. Three-dimensional modeling for modern diagnosis and planning in maxillofacial surgery. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1996;11:225
  51. Eckhardt CE, Cunningham SJ. How predictable is orthognathic surgery?. Eur J Orthod. 2004;26:303
  52. Friede H, Kahnberg KE, Adell R, et al. Accuracy of cephalometric prediction in orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1987;45:754
  53. Fuhrmann R, Feifel H, Schnappauf A, et al. Integration of three-dimensional cephalometry and 3D-skull models in combined orthodontic/surgical treatment planning. J Orofac Orthop. 1996;57:32
  54. Grubb JE. Computer assisted orthognathic surgical treatment planning: A case report. Angle Orthod. 1992;62:227
  55. Holler BE, Eckardt R, Neukam FW, et al. Prognosis of the facial profile line using the finite element method. Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir. 2005;9:116;(in German)
  56. Khambay B, Nebel JC, Bowman J, et al. 3D stereophotogrammetric image superimposition onto 3D CT scan images: The future of orthognathic surgery (A pilot study). Int J Adult Orthod Orthognath Surg. 2002;17:331
  57. Mavili ME, Canter HI, Saglam-Aydinatay B, et al. Use of three-dimensional medical modeling methods for precise planning of orthognathic surgery. J Craniofac Surg. 2007;18:740
  58. Omura T, Glickman RS, Super S. Method to verify the accuracy of model surgery and prediction tracing. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1996;11:265
  59. Xia J, Samman N, Yeung RW, et al. Three-dimensional virtual reality surgical planning and simulation workbench for orthognathic surgery. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 2000;15:265
  60. Xia J, Samman N, Yeung RW, et al. Computer-assisted three-dimensional surgical planing and simulation (3D soft tissue planning and prediction). Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000;29:250
  61. Cousley RR, Grant E. The accuracy of preoperative orthognathic predictions. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2004;42:96
  62. Cousley RR, Grant E, Kindelan JD. The validity of computerized orthognathic predictions. J Orthod. 2003;30:149
  63. Gerbo LR, Poulton DR, Covell DA, et al. A comparison of a computer-based orthognathic surgery prediction system to postsurgical results. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1997;12:55
  64. Kolokitha OE, Athanasiou AE, Tuncay OC. Validity of computerized predictions of dentoskeletal and soft tissue profile changes after mandibular setback and maxillary impaction osteotomies. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1996;11:137
  65. Bryan DC, Hunt NP. Surgical accuracy in orthognathic surgery. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1993;31:343
  66. Chapuis J, Schramm A, Pappas I, et al. A new system for computer-aided preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation during corrective jaw surgery. IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed. 2007;11:274
  67. Keeling SD, LaBanc JP, Van Sickels JE, et al. Skeletal change at surgery as a predictor of long-term soft tissue profile change after mandibular advancement. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1996;54:134
  68. Cangialosi TJ, Chung JM, Elliott DF, et al. Reliability of computer-generated prediction tracing. Angle Orthod. 1995;65:277
  69. Chew MT. Soft and hard tissue changes after bimaxillary surgery in Chinese class III patients. Angle Orthod. 2005;75:959
  70. Power G, Breckon J, Sherriff M, et al. Dolphin Imaging Software: An analysis of the accuracy of cephalometric digitization and orthognathic prediction. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005;34:619
  71. Inoue K, Yamazaki T, Motoyoshi M, et al. Studies on 3-dimensional prediction of orthognathic surgery cases (3-Dimensional computer graphic surgery for the skeletal Class III cases). Nippon Kyosei Shika Gakkai Zasshi. 1986;45:658
  72. Kuroda T, Motohashi N, Kato Y. Prediction system of facial change. Kokubyo Gakkai Zasshi. 1990;57:441
  73. Zhang X, Wang X, Zhang Z. Accuracy of computerized aid diagnosis, surgical simulation and facial appearance prediction in orthognathic surgery. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 1998;33:6
  74. Giangreco TA, Forbes DP, Jacobson RS, et al. Subjective evaluation of profile prediction using video imaging. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1995;10:211
  75. Sample LB, Sadowsky PL, Bradley E. An evaluation of two VTO methods. Angle Orthod. 1998;68:401
  76. Csaszar GR, Niederdellmann H. Reliability of bimaxillary surgical planning with the 3-D orthognathic surgery simulator. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 2000;15:51
  77. Donatsky O, Bjorn-Jorgensen J, Holmqvist-Larsen M, et al. Computerized cephalometric evaluation of orthognathic surgical precision and stability in relation to maxillary superior repositioning combined with mandibular advancement or setback. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1997;55:1071
  78. Donatsky O, Hillerup S, Bjorn-Jorgensen J, et al. Computerized cephalometric orthognathic surgical simulation, prediction and postoperative evaluation of precision. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1992;21:199
  79. Semaan S, Goonewardene MS. Accuracy of a Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy. Angle Orthod. 2005;75:964
  80. Hillerup S, Bjorn-Jorgensen J, Donatsky O, et al. Precision of orthognathic surgery (A computerized cephalometric analysis of 27 patients). Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1994;23:255
  81. Loh S, Yow M. Computer prediction of hard tissue profiles in orthognathic surgery. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 2002;17:342
  82. Loh S, Heng JK, Ward-Booth P, et al. A radiographic analysis of computer prediction in conjunction with orthognathic surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2001;30:259
  83. Thames TL, Sinclair PM, Alexander RG. The accuracy of computerized growth prediction in Class II high-angle cases. Am J Orthod. 1985;87:398
  84. Baumrind S, Frantz RC. The reliability of head film measurements (1. Landmark identification). Am J Orthod. 1971;60:111

 Dr Flores-Mir is supported by an American Association of Orthodontics Foundation teaching award (2007 Eugene E. West Memorial Fellowship Award).

PII: S0278-2391(09)00375-9

doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2009.03.040

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Volume 67, Issue 8 , Pages 1628-1639 , August 2009